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  • Dataset for: Influence of face shields on exposures to respirable aerosol

    Description:
    The objective of this study was to determine the influence of face shields on the concentration of respirable aerosols in the breathing zone of the wearer. The experimental approach involved the generation of poly-dispersed respirable test dust aerosol in a low-speed wind tunnel over 15 minutes, with a downstream breathing mannequin. Aerosol concentrations were measured in the breathing zone of the mannequin and at an upstream location using two laser spectrophotometers that measured particle number concentration over the range 0.25-31 µm. Three face shield designs were tested (A, B and C), and were positioned on the mannequin operated at a high and low breathing rate. Efficiency – the reduction in aerosol concentration in the breathing zone – was calculated as a function of particle size and overall, for each face shield. Face shield A, a bucket hat with flexible shield, had the highest efficiency, approximately 95%, while more traditional face shield designs had efficiency 53-78%, depending on face shield and breathing rate. Efficiency varied by particle size, but the pattern differed among face shield designs. Face shields decreased the concentration of respirable aerosols in the breathing zone, when aerosols were carried perpendicular to the face. Additional research is needed to understand the impact of face shield position relative to the source.
    Keyword:
    wind tunnel, aerosols, face shield, breathing zone, breathing rate, mannequin, infection prevention, and particle size
    Subject:
    Medicine
    Creator:
    Sleeth, Darrah K., Jones, Rachael M., and Woodfield, Marion J.
    Owner:
    Rachael Jones
    Based Near Label Tesim:
    Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
    Language:
    English
    Date Uploaded:
    09/03/2021
    Date Modified:
    12/08/2023
    Date Created:
    2020-08-13 to 2020-11-10
    License:
    CC BY NC - Allows others to use and share your data non-commercially and with attribution.
    Resource Type:
    Dataset

  • Dataset for Community Daytime Noise Pollution and Socioeconomic Differences in Chicago, IL

    Description:
    Environmental noise may affect hearing and a variety of non-auditory disease processes. There is some evidence that, like other environmental hazards, noise may be differentially distributed across communities based on socioeconomic status. We aimed to a) predict daytime noise pollution levels and b) assess disparities in daytime noise exposure in Chicago, Illinois. We measured 5-minute daytime noise levels (Leq, 5-min) at 75 randomly selected sites in Chicago in March 2019. Geographically based variables thought to be associated with noise were obtained and used to fit a noise land-use regression model to estimate the daytime environmental noise level at the centroid of the census blocks. Demographic and socioeconomic data were obtained from the City of Chicago for the 77 community areas, and associations with daytime noise levels were assessed using spatial autoregressive models. Mean sampled noise level (Leq, 5-min) was 60.6 dBA. The adjusted R2 and root mean square error of the noise land use regression model and the validation model were 0.60 and 4.67 dBA and 0.51 and 5.90 dBA, respectively. Nearly 75% of city blocks and 85% of city communities have predicted daytime noise level higher than 55 dBA. Of the socioeconomic variables explored, only community per capita income was associated with mean community predicted noise levels and was highest for communities with incomes in the 2nd quartile. Both the noise measurements and land-use regression modeling demonstrate that Chicago has levels of environmental noise likely contributing to the total burden of environmental stressors. Noise is not uniformly distributed across Chicago; it is associated with proximity to roads and public transportation and is higher among communities with mid-to-low incomes per capita, which highlights how socially and economically disadvantaged communities may be disproportionately impacted by this environmental exposure.
    Keyword:
    noise, land use regression, health disparities, geospatial data, and environmental exposure
    Subject:
    Environmental Sciences
    Creator:
    Conroy, Lorraine M., Huang, Yu-Kai, Mitchell, Uchechi A., and Jones, Rachael M.
    Owner:
    Rachael Jones
    Based Near Label Tesim:
    Chicago, Illinois, United States
    Language:
    English
    Date Uploaded:
    05/19/2021
    Date Modified:
    05/01/2024
    Date Created:
    2019-03-01 to 2019-03-31
    License:
    CC BY NC - Allows others to use and share your data non-commercially and with attribution.
    Resource Type:
    Dataset
    Identifier:
    https://doi.org/10.7278/S50D-SPT1-FNHH