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  • Data for : Role of Free Radical Formation in Murine Cytomegalovirus–Induced Hearing Loss

    Description:
    The data set includes individual images of mouse cochleae, both scanning electron micrographs and fluorescent micrographs, used to generate aggregated data described in Pecha PP, Almishaal AA, Mathur PD, et al. Role of Free Radical Formation in Murine Cytomegalovirus–Induced Hearing Loss. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. 2020;162(5):709-717. doi:10.1177/0194599820901485 and Objectives The goal of the study was to determine whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediates cytomegalovirus (CMV)–induced labyrinthitis. Study Design Murine model of CMV infection. Subjects and Methods Nrf2 knockout mice were inoculated with murine CMV. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were then performed on these and uninfected controls. BALB/c mice were inoculated with murine CMV to determine whether a marker for ROS production, dihydroethidium (DHE), is expressed 7 days after inoculation. Finally, 2 antioxidants—D-methionine and ACE-Mg (vitamins A, C, and E with magnesium)—were administered 1 hour before and after infection in inoculated mice for 14 days. Temporal bones were harvested at postnatal day 10 for DHE detection. ABR and DPOAE testing was done at postnatal day 30. Scanning electron microscopy was also performed at postnatal day 30 to evaluate outer hair cell integrity. Results Nrf2-infected mice had worse hearing than uninfected mice (P < .001). A statistically significant increase in DHE fluorescence was detected in BALB/c-infected mice as compared with uninfected mice 7 days after inoculation. D-methionine- and ACE-Mg-treated mice demonstrated an attenuation of the DHE fluorescence and a significant improvement in ABR and DPOAE thresholds when compared with untreated infected controls (P < .0001). Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated less outer hair cell loss in the treated versus untreated infected controls. Conclusion These results demonstrate for the first time that excessive ROS mediates CMV-induced hearing loss in a mouse model.
    Keyword:
    herpesviridae, hearing loss, cochlea, reactive oxygen species, cytomegalovirus, congenital CMV, mouse, outer hair cells, auditory brainstem response, and antioxidant
    Subject:
    cytomegalovirus and hearing loss
    Creator:
    Firpo, Matthew A., Park, Albert H., and Yang, Jun
    Owner:
    BRIAN MCBRIDE
    Based Near Label Tesim:
    Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
    Language:
    English
    Date Uploaded:
    07/10/2019
    Date Modified:
    05/31/2024
    Date Created:
    2015-04-08 to 2016-11-02
    License:
    CC BY NC - Allows others to use and share your data non-commercially and with attribution.
    Resource Type:
    Dataset
    Identifier:
    https://doi.org/10.7278/S50D-D0WT-SV00

  • Data for: Restitution Characteristics of His Bundle and Working Myocardium in Isolated Rabbit Hearts

    Description:
    The Purkinje system (PS) and the His bundle have been recently implicated as an important driver of the rapid activation rate after 1-2 minutes of ventricular fibrillation (VF). It is unknown whether activations during VF propagate through the His-Purkinje system to other portions of the the working myocardium (WM). Little is known about restitution characteristic differences between the His bundle and working myocardium at short cycle lengths. In this study, rabbit hearts (n=9) were isolated, Langendorff- perfused, and electromechanically uncoupled with blebbistatin (10 μM). Pacing pulses were delivered directly to the His bundle. By using standard glass microelectrodes, action potentials duration (APD) from the His bundle and WM were obtained simultaneously over a wide range of stimulation cycle lengths (CL). The global F-test indicated that the two restitution curves of the His bundle and the WM are statistically significantly different (P<0.05). Also, the APD of the His bundle was significantly shorter than that of WM throughout the whole pacing course (P<0.001). The CL at which alternans developed in the His bundle vs. the WM were shorter for the His bundle (134.2±13.1ms vs. 148.3±13.3ms, P<0.01) and 2:1 block developed at a shorter CL in the His bundle than in WM (130.0±10.0 vs. 145.6±14.2ms, P<0.01). The His bundle APD was significantly shorter than that of WM under both slow and rapid pacing rates, which suggest that there may be an excitable gap during VF and that the His bundle may conduct wavefronts from one bundle branch to the other at short cycle lengths and during VF.
    Keyword:
    ventricular fibrillation, action potential duration, cardiology, working myocardium, rabbit, restitution curve, alternans, His bundle, and microelectrode
    Subject:
    ventricular fibrillation, cardiology, and myocardium
    Creator:
    Huang, Shangwei, Panitchob, Nuttanont, Hu, Nan, Ranjan, Ravi, Huang, Liqun, and Dosdall, Derek
    Owner:
    BRIAN MCBRIDE
    Based Near Label Tesim:
    Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
    Language:
    English
    Date Uploaded:
    07/10/2019
    Date Modified:
    04/18/2024
    Date Created:
    2016-03-21 to 2016-05-25
    License:
    CCO – As the data author, you are choosing to place your data into the public domain.
    Resource Type:
    Dataset
    Identifier:
    https://doi.org/10.7278/S50R9MJX

  • Human and Ovine Vitreoretinal Adhesion

    Description:
    While several studies have qualitatively investigated age- and region-dependent adhesion between the vitreous and retina, no studies have directly measured the vitreoretinal strength of adhesion. In this study, we developed a rotational peel device and associated methodology to measure the maximum and steady-state peel forces between the vitreous and the retina. Vitreoretinal adhesion in the equator and posterior pole were measured in human eyes from donors ranging 30 to 79 years of age, and in sheep eyes from premature, neonatal, young lamb, and young adult sheep. In human eyes, maximum peel force in the equator (7.24 ± 4.13 mN) was greater than in the posterior pole (4.08 ± 2.03 mN). This trend was especially evident for younger eyes from donors 30 to 39 years of age. After 60 years of age, there was a significant decrease in the maximum equatorial (4.69 ± 2.52 mN, p = 0.016) and posterior pole adhesion (2.95 ± 1.25 mN, p = 0.037). In immature sheep eyes, maximum adhesion was 7.60 ± 3.06 mN, and did not significantly differ between the equator and posterior pole until young adulthood. At this age, the maximum adhesion in the equator nearly doubled (16.67 ± 7.45 mN) that of the posterior pole, similar to the young adult human eyes. Light microscopy images suggest more disruption of the inner limiting membrane (ILM) in immature sheep eyes compared to adult sheep eyes. Interestingly, in human eyes, ILM disruption was significantly greater in the posterior pole (p < 0.05) and in people over 60 years of age (p < 0.02). These findings supplement the current discussion surrounding age-related posterior vitreous detachment, and the risk factors and physiological progressions associated with this condition. In addition, these data further our understanding of the biomechanical mechanisms of vitreoretinal adhesion, and can be used to develop age- appropriate computational models simulating retinal detachment, hemorrhaging, or retinal trauma. See Creveling CJ, Colter J, Coats B. 2018. Changes in vitreoretinal adhesion with age and region in human and sheep eyes. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 6.  https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2018.00153.
    Keyword:
    ophthalmology, retina, vitreous, adhesion, ocular, human, eye, peel test, and sheep
    Subject:
    Quantitative measurement and Vitreoretinal adhesion
    Creator:
    Coats, Brittany and Creveling, Christopher
    Contributor:
    Colter, Jourdan
    Owner:
    BRIAN MCBRIDE
    Based Near Label Tesim:
    Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
    Language:
    English
    Date Uploaded:
    07/10/2019
    Date Modified:
    06/03/2024
    Date Created:
    Completed 2017-06-01
    License:
    CC BY – Allows others to use and share your data, even commercially, with attribution.
    Resource Type:
    Image, Dataset, and Video
    Identifier:
    https://doi.org/10.7278/S5BK19H3

  • Pharmacokinetics of Locally Delivered Vancomycin to Bone

    Description:
    Current treatments for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections require intravenously delivered vancomycin; however, systemically delivered vancomycin has its problems. To determine the feasibility and safety of locally delivering vancomycin hydrochloride (~25 mg/Kg) to the medullary canal of long bones, we conducted a pharmacokinetics study using a rat tibia model. We found that administering the vancomycin intraosseously resulted in very low concentrations of vancomycin in the blood plasma and the muscle surrounding the tibia, reducing the risk for systemic toxicity, which is often seen with traditional intravenous administration of vancomycin. Additionally, we were able to inhibit the development of osteomyelitis in the tibia if the treatment was administered locally at the same time as a bacterial inoculum (i.e., Log10 7.82 CFU/mL or 6.62x107 CFU/mL), when compared to an untreated group. These findings suggest that local intramedullary vancomycin delivery can achieve sufficiently high local concentrations to prevent development of osteomyelitis while minimizing systemic toxicity.
    Keyword:
    pharmacokinetics, tibia, infections, systematic toxicity, bone, antibiotics, rat, osteomyelitis, and vancomycin
    Subject:
    Infectious Diseases
    Creator:
    Loc-Carrillo, Catherine
    Contributor:
    Wu, Sijia, Fernandez, Sheena, Burr, Michael, Fredricksen, Hunter, Canden, Ahranee, Hoerger, Kelly, Churchill, John, Wang, Caroline, and Agarwal, Jay
    Owner:
    BRIAN MCBRIDE
    Based Near Label Tesim:
    Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
    Language:
    English
    Date Uploaded:
    07/10/2019
    Date Modified:
    04/16/2024
    Date Created:
    2013-05-01 to 2015-01-30
    License:
    CC BY NC - Allows others to use and share your data non-commercially and with attribution.
    Resource Type:
    Dataset
    Identifier:
    https://doi.org/10.7278/S5W0942B